Pengaruh Human Capital, Keunggulan Bersaing, dan Orientasi Kewirausahaan Terhadap Kinerja Organisasi UMKM di Sumatera Barat

  • Zahra Rahmatika Wael Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Bung Hatta, Padang
  • Herawati M. Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Bung Hatta, Padang
Keywords: Competitive Advantage, Entrepreneurial Orientation, Human Capital, Organizational Performance

Abstract

This “study aims to examine: (1) whether human capital influences the organizational performance of MSMEs in West Sumatra; (2) whether competitive advantage affects their organizational performance; and (3) whether entrepreneurial orientation has an impact on MSME organizational performance in the region. The population consists of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises located in West Sumatra. A total of 100 respondents were selected from MSMEs registered with the Department of Cooperatives and SMEs of West Sumatra or through http://umkm.depkop.go.id. The study employed a probability sampling method using simple random sampling and incidental sampling techniques. The findings reveal that: (1) human capital significantly contributes to the organizational performance of MSMEs; (2) competitive advantage has a positive effect on their performance; and (3) entrepreneurial orientation does not significantly influence MSME organizational performance in West Sumatra.” The implication of this study is to provide recommendations for improving SMEs in order to enhance their” performance.

References

Abbas, D. (2018). Pengaruh Modal Usaha, Orientasi Pasar, Dan Orientasi Kewirausahaan Terhadap Kinerja Ukm Kota Makassar. Jurnal Minds: Manajemen Ide Dan Inspirasi, 5(1), 95–111. Https://Doi.Org/10.24252/Minds.V5i1.4991

Adomako, Samuel, Albert Danso, & John Ofori Damoah. (2016). “The Moderating Influence Of Financial Literacy On The Relationship Between Access To Finance And Firm Growth In Ghana.” Venture Capital, 18(1), 43–61. 10.1080/13691066.2015.1079952.

Afiyati, A., Murni, S., & Hariadi, P. (2019). Com Petitive Advantage As A Mediation Variable On The Effect Of Differentiation Strategy And Market Orientation On MSME Business Per Formance In Purbalingga Regency. Journal Of Economics, Business, And Accounting, 21(3).

Alnachef, T. H., Alhajjar, & A. A. (2017). Effect Of Human Capital On Organizational Performance: A Literature Review. Pressacademia, 4(1), 34–38. Https://Doi.Org/DOI: 10.21275/ART20176151

Anwar, R. K., & Sukarno, G. (2022). Analisis Orientasi Kewirausahaan Terhadap Kinerja Organisasi Yang Dimoderasi Oleh Modal Sosial Pada UMKM Souvenir Dan Kerajinan Di Desa Kedensari Sidoarjo Rofaul. Jurnal Reslaj, 4(1), 260–279. Https://Doi.Org/10.47476/Reslaj.V4i6.1160

Analysis Of Entrepreneurship Orientation, Adaptability Of Business Environment, And Internal Resources Company On Competitive Advantages To Improve Company Performance (Study At Micro Small And Medium Enterprises Embroidered Kudus District). Jurnal Sains Pemasaran Indonesia, 17(2), 119–139.

Barney, J. B. (1991). “Firm Resources And Sustained Competitive Advantage.” Journal Of Management, 17(1), 19–120.

Becker, G. S. (1993). Human Capital : A Theoretical And Empirical Analysis, With Special Reference To Education (3rd Ed.). The University Of Chicago Press, Ltd.

Covin, J. G., & Slevin, D. P. (1991). A Conceptual Model Of Entrepreneurship As Firm Behavior. Entrepreneurship Theory And Practice, 16(1), 7–26.

Dalimunthe, M. B. (2017). Keunggulan Bersaing Melalui Orientasi Pasar Dan Inovasi Produk. Jurnal Konsep Bisnis Dan Manajemen, 3(1). Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.31289/Jkbm.V3i2.357

Darmayanti, N. P. A., Suryantini, N. P. S., Indrawati, A. D., & Arsawan, I. W. E. (2021). Peran Human Capital Dan Orientasi Kewirausahaan Pada Proses Internasionalisasi UKM Ekspor Di Bali. Jurnal Bisnis Dan Kewirausahaan, 2580–5614, 269–278. Https://Doi.Org/10.31940/Jbk.V17i3.269-278

Darwis, H., & Utama, L. (2020). Pengaruh Orientasi Pasar Dan Orientasi Kewirausahaan Terhadap Kinerja UMKM Di Jakarta Barat. Jurnal Manajerial Dan Kewirausahaan, 2(2).

Denitha, A. P. (2016). Pengaruh Praktek Supply Chain Management Terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan Yang Dimediasi Oleh Keunggulan Bersaing Pada UKM Kerajinan Sapu Rayung Mungkid Magelang. UPN Yogyakarta.

Edison, E. (2016). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. ALFABETA.

Emmanuel, A., Nnorom, G., Jerry, K., & Thomas, E. (2016). Intellectual Capital And Performance Sustainability Of Smes In Lagos Nigeria. International Journal Of Advanced Studies In Business Strategies And Management, 4(1), 77–88.

Fernando, W. H. M., Yusoff, S. K. M., Khatibi, A., & Azam, S. M. F. (2020). Human Capital Impact On Organizational Performance: Special Reference To The Banks In Sri Lanka. European Journal Of Social Sciences Studies, 5(1), 99–115. Https://Doi.Org/10.5281/Zenodo.3747853

Ghozali, I. (2005). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate Dengan SPSS. Badan Penerbit UNDIP.

Ghozali, I. (2011). SPSS 21 Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate Dengan Program SPSS. Universitas Diponegoro.

Ghozali, I. (2016). Analisis Multirative Dengan Program IBM SPSS (6th Ed.). Badan Penerbit UNDIP.

Hasmirati, & Alfin. (2022). Dampak Human Capital , Structural Capital ,Capital Terhadap Kinerja Bisnis UMKM Di Tilamuta. 4, 201–215.

Hermawan, S. (2013). Makna Intellectual Capital Perspektif The Role Theory Dan The Resource Based Theory. Ekuitas : Jurnal Akuntansi, 7(2), 275.

Hermawan, & Sigit. (2014). Eksistensi Intellectual Capital, Tinjauan The Human Capital Theory Dan The Intangible Perspective. Business In Society : Towards Asian Era.

Hermawan, Sigit, Hariyanto, Wiwit, Biduri, & Sarwenda. (2020). Intellectual Capital, Business Performance, Dan Competitive Advantage. Quality Access To Success, 21, 175.

Irianto, H., & Et Al. (2020). Kinerja UMKM (Usaha Mikro Kecil & Menengah) Pangan (Sumber Elektronis). CV. Indotama Solo.

Jared, Et Al. (2010). A Review Paper Of Organizational Culture And Organizational Performance. International Journal Of Business And Social Science, 3(1).

Jumhur, & Amaningsih, A. (2020). Keunggulan Bersaing Industri Kecil Menengah ((A. A. Jum). Scopindo Media Pustaka.

Kawiana, I. G. P. (2020). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia “MSDM” Perusahaan. UNHI Press.

Kulvisaechana, D. (2005). Human Capital Development In The International Organization. Human Resource Management Eskripsi Universitas Andalas.

Lumpkin G.T., D. G. G. (1996). Larifying The Entrepreneurial Orientation Construct And Linking It To Performance. Academy Of Management Review, 21(1), 135–172.

Masa’deh, R. Et Al. (2018). The Associations Among Market Orientation, Technology Orientation, Entrepreneurial Orientation And Organizational Performance. British Journal Of Management, 25(8), 1463–1471.

Miller, D. (1983). The Correlates Of Entrepreneurship In Three Types Of Firms. Management Science, 29(7), 770–791. Https://Doi.Org/10.1287/Mnsc.29.7.770

Mohamed, R., & Hanafi, N. (2013). The Impact Of Corporate Entrepreneurship On Company Growth In A Hostile Business Environment. 7th Global Conference On Business & Economics, 4(1), 82–90.

). Peran Human Capital, Structural Capital, Relational Capital Dan Digital Marketing Terhadap Kinerja UMKM. Sketsa Bisnis, 8(1), 47–62. Https://Doi.Org/10.35891/Jsb.V8i1.2635

Nabila, H., & Anggraini, F. (2020). Pengaruh Human Capital , Spiritual Capital Dan Orientasi Kewirausahaan Terhadap Kinerja Organisasi ( Studi Empiris Ukm Kuliner Kota Padang ) Menurut [ 4 ] Kinerja Organisasi Adalah Perlengkapan Alat Ukur Yang Digunakan Untuk Mengenali , Menilai Serta Mens.

Nizam., Mufidah, E., & Fibriyani, V. (2020). PENGARUH ORIENTASI KEWIRAUSAHAAN INOVASI PRODUK DAN KEUNGGULAN BERSAING TERHADAP PEMASARAN UMKM. Jurnal EMA – Ekonomi Manajemen Akuntansi, 5(1), 100–109.

Numat, M., Lukitaningsih, A., & Hutami, L. T. H. (2022). Pengaruh Kreativitas Strategi Pemasaran, Inovasi Dan Orientasi Kewirausahan Terhadap Kinerja Pemasaran Melalui Keunggulan Bersaing Sebagai Variabel Mediasi Pada UMKM Batik Di Kota Yogyakarta Dalam Masa Pandemik Covid-19. Reslaj: Religion Education Social Laaroiba Journal, 4(1), 260–279. Https://Doi.Org/10.47476/Reslaj.V4i5.1079

Nuryanto, U. W., Djamil, M., Sutawidjaya, A. H., Saluy, A. B., & Barat, J. (2020). Keunggulan Bersaing Dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Organisasi Berkelanjutan. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen Dan Bisnis Islam, 6(1), 1–22.

O’sullivan, A., & Sheffrin, S. M. (2003). Economics: Principles In Action. Pearson Prentice Hall.

Porter, M. (1990). The Competitive Advantage Of Nations. In Harvard Business Review. The Free Press. Https://Www.Academia.Edu/Download/38686263/Porter%09M%09E%091990_The_Competitive_Advantage_Of_Nations.Pdf

Purnamasari, S., & Wijaya, A. (2020). Pengaruh Orientasi Pasar, Orientasi Kewirausahaan Dan Kemampuan Pemasaran, Terhadap Kinerja Bisnis Umkm Clothing Line. Business Management Journal, 16(1), 1–12. Https://Doi.Org/10.30813/Bmj.V16i1.2052

Puspitasari, A. R. (2020). Pengaruh Servicescape Terhadap Kepuasan Konsumen (Studi Kasus Pada Konsumen Angkringan Cak Jo Klithik Ponorogo). Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo.

Rastogi. (2000). Sustaining Enterprise Competitiveness – Is Human Capital The Answer. Human Systems Management. IOS Press.

Setiawan, H. (2012). Pengaruh Orientasi Pasar, Orientasi Teknologi Dan Inovasi Produk Terhadap Keunggulan Bersaing Usaha Songket Skala Kecil Di Kota Palembang. Jurnal Orasi Bisnis, 8(2), 12–19. Https://Jurnal.Polsri.Ac.Id

Sharma, A. (2013). Potential Role It In The Support Of It In The Support Of Organizational Knowledge Management. International Journal Of Marketing, Financial Services & Management Research, 2(5).

Silvera, D. H., Lavack, A. M., & Kropp, F. (2008). Impulse Buying: The Role Of Affect, Social Influence, And Subjective Wellbeing. Journal Of Consumer Marketing, 25(1), 23–33.

Simkovic, M. (2013). Risk-Based Student Loans. Washington And Lee Law Review, 70(1), 527.

Suarez, L. V. E. All. (2022). Gender’s Moderating Role In The Relationship Between Organisational From And Performance In The Spanish Supermarket Industry. Journal Of Retailling And Consumer Service, 6(4).

Suryani, N. K., & John. (2020). Kinerja Organisasi. DEEPUBLISH.

Wicklund, J. (1999). The Sustainability Of The Entrepreneur Orientation Performance Relationship. Entrepreneurship Theory In Practice. Fall, 6(1), 37–55.

Wulaningtyas, A., & Widiartanto. (2018). Pengaruh Orientasi Kewirausahaan, Orientasi Pasar Dan Keunggulan Bersaing Terhadap Kinerja Industri Kecil Dan Menengah (Studi Pada Ikm Furniture Di Kota Semarang). Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Bisnis, 7(2), 158–170.

Yunis, M., El-Kassar, A. N., & Tarhini, A. (2017). Impact Of ICT-Based Innovations On Organizational Performance: The Role Of Corporate Entrepreneurship. Journal Of Enterprise Information Management, 30(1), 122–141. Https://Doi.Org/10.1108/JEIM-01-2016-0040

Zerenler, M., & Hasiloglu, S. B. (2008). Intellectual Capital And Innovation Performance : Empirical Evidence In The Turkish Automotive Supplier. 3(4), 31–40.

Zuliyati, N. A. B., & Mirah, Z. M. D. (2017). Pengaruh Intellectual Capital Terhadap Kinerja Umkm. Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 6(2), 181–200.

Published
2025-08-29